Graphite Crystal Lattice Structure Model

This 120 carbon atom graphite molecular model kit can build 4 layers of 6 member hexagonal rings. Each layer has the appearance of a honeycomb lattice similar to interconnected aromatic hydrocarbons.

The covalent bonded carbon atom rings use 20mm bonds while inter-layer Van der Waals atoms are supported with 50mm bonds. Hold the top & bottom of the model & squeeze in opposite directions. You can show how the layers slide against other & how pencil lead works. Stiffer 10cm versions of these bonds can be used with trigonal atoms but to lesser effect.

Build as the more common alpha-hexagonal (above right) with ABAB layer stacking or the beta-rhombohedral (above left) ABCA layering. Details below.

The planar structure of graphite accounts for its distinct physical properties as one of the softest known materials. Graphite carbon feels slippery due to the weak Van der Waals bonds which position the covalent bonded one-atom thick honeycomb graphene sheets in place. These intermolecular forces associated are familiar as the way pencil "lead" allows writing. Other applications allow for use as a lubricant. In its single layer form, graphene, it is a 2D crystal one atom thick with high mechanical strength and high electrical and thermal conductivity.